INFLUENZA AVIÁRIA DE ALTA PATOGENICIDADE: ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DO PLANO DE CONTINGÊNCIA EM GRANJAS COMERCIAIS DO BRASIL E EUA (2025)

Abstract

This review compared and analyzed the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Contingency Plans applied in Brazil and the United States. The study evaluated technical, sanitary, and administrative aspects, using a documentary bibliographic research method, reviewing scientific articles, notes, reports, and technical data sheets from each country. Furthermore, the research considered data from the recent 2025 outbreaks in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) and Mississippi (USA). The results highlighted that Brazil demonstrated an effective response through traceability, delimitation of protection and surveillance zones, adoption of sanitary barriers, disinfection of infected sites, and sanitary downtime, which ensured the eradication of the outbreak and the status of a territory free of HPAI in commercial farms. In the United States, even with its immediate operational execution (quarantine and depopulation), the decentralized management showed some limitations in the communication and transparency of official data, with information limited to state-level notes, in addition to not achieving national disease-free status. Both countries have structured plans, but with differences in sanitary coordination and public dissemination, which interferes with the effectiveness of the responses. The study confirms the importance of the connection between active and passive surveillance, institutional interaction, and rigorous laboratory protocols, emphasizing that the centralization and conformity of the Brazilian response led to greater efficiency in eradicating the outbreak, in contrast to the North American model which prioritizes agility in the operational process of containment, but requires optimization in scientific and epidemiological communication, not only to control the disease but also to eradicate it.