USO DO CANABIDIOL NO TRATAMENTO DE EPILEPSIA: revisão de literatura

Abstract

The use of cannabidiol has been widely investigated as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of epilepsy, especially in pharmacoresistant cases. The objective of this study was to analyze, through an integrative literature review, the scientific evidence regarding the efficacy, mechanisms of action, and safety of cannabidiol in the control of epileptic seizures. The methodology consisted of searching scientific articles in national and international databases, using descriptors related to cannabidiol and epilepsy. Studies published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, available in full text and addressing the use of cannabidiol in the treatment of epilepsy, were included, whileduplicate publications or those that did not meet the established criteria were excluded. The results demonstrated that cannabidiol promotes a significant reduction in the frequency and intensity of epileptic seizures, particularly in severe epilepsy syndromes resistant to conventional treatment. Its action was found to be associated with modulation of the endocannabinoid system and the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Regarding safety, the reported adverse effects were mostly mild to moderate. It is concluded that cannabidiol presents relevant therapeutic potential in the treatment of epilepsy; however, further studies are needed to standardize dosages, assess long-term effects, and expand its safe clinical use.