MANIFESTAÇÕES PATOLÓGICAS EM ESTRUTURAS DE CONCRETO ARMADO

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the pathological manifestations in reinforced concrete structures, highlighting reinforcement corrosion, cracking and carbonation. Through a bibliographic review, the main causes and possible solutions for these pathologies were identified. Reinforcement corrosion is one of the most common problems in reinforced concrete structures. It is an electrochemical process resulting from the oxidation reaction of steel. The addition of silica fume to concrete is an effective solution to reduce the occurrence and evolution of corrosion. Concrete cracking is another relevant pathological manifestation, which may occur due to mechanical or physical-chemical influences. These cracks can compromise the aesthetics and safety of the structure, in addition to allowing the entry of aggressive substances. It is critical to identify and treat these fissures as soon as possible. Carbonation is a natural process that occurs in concrete structures exposed to ambient air. This process reduces the protection of the reinforcement against corrosion and decreases the compressive strength of the concrete. Measures such as the addition of reactive materials such as metakaolin and ensuring adequate reinforcement coverage are important to prevent carbonation. In conclusion, it is essential to carry out periodic inspections on concrete structures to identify possible pathological manifestations and adopt corrective measures. Detailed planning and design, the use of quality materials and proper execution are essential to ensure the durability and safety of buildings. Awareness of the main pathologies and the adoption of preventive measures are essential to minimize problems and promote more resilient and lasting structures.