LESÕES DA CAVIDADE BUCAL ASSOCIADAS AOS TRANSTORNOS ALIMENTARES: Uma análise da conduta clínica

Abstract

Eating disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa, are challenging psychiatric disorders for health professionals. The search for aesthetic perfection predisposes individuals to behaviors that are harmful to health. The consequences of this new habit significantly impact oral and general health, and psychosocial relationships. Therefore, knowing in detail eating disorders and oral lesions resulting from these disorders is essential for early diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment approaches. Thus, the present study aimed to identify and analyze eating disorders that have repercussions on oral health, discuss the etiopathogenesis of these lesions, approaches and guidelines for prevention and treatment of these manifestations in dentistry. The methodology consists in literature review was carried out using the databases PubMed (Medline), Scielo and Google Scholar. In addition, documents made available by the Ministry of Health and guidelines of the World Health Organization were included in this research. Three main types of eating disorders were identified: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and unspecified eating disorders. The reported oral manifestations included dental erosion and caries, dentin hypersensitivity, malocclusion and poor oral hygiene, gingivitis and periodontal disease, salivary gland disorders, exfoliative and angular cheilitis, burning tongue, dry/cracked lips, and necrotizing sialometaplasia. Eating disorders can cause numerous oral manifestations. Among the various eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and unspecified disorders had the greatest dental repercussions. Successful prevention and treatment of these disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving the dentist, nutritionist, psychologist, and physician.