Abstract:
The aim of this Final Paper is to analyse how family perceptions influence the process
of medicalisation of school and behavioural difficulties in childhood, addressing the role
of pharmacists in promoting the rational use of medicines. This is a qualitative,
exclusively bibliographical study based on a review of national and international
scientific literature published between 2014 and 2024. The data was organised into
thematic categories based on studies that discuss the advance of medicalisation, the
role of school and health institutions, and the role of pharmacists - especially withregard to the diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the use
of psychostimulants such as methylphenidate. The results indicate that clinical
diagnoses and drug prescriptions are often motivated by institutional and social
pressures, without considering alternative pedagogical interventions. Pharmacists are
seen as strategic players in guiding families and promoting the rational use of
medicines. The study highlights the importance of intersectoral coordination to tackle
the phenomenon of medicalisation, proposing educational, ethical and critical action on
the part of health professionals.
