Abstract:
Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy is characterized by a delay in accepting or refusing
to receive vaccines and is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as
one of the main threats to global health. In the context of COVID-19, this hesitation
has been one of the main problems faced by Brazil, since the rapid development of
the vaccine has generated uncertainty about its effectiveness and safety. Objective:
To investigate, according to scientific literature, the reasons for hesitancy regarding
the Covid-19 vaccine in Brazil. Method: The methodology used in this study is based
on an integrative review of the scientific literature. A systematic search was carried
out in several databases, including Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO),
PubMed and Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde
(LILACS). Studies that investigated vaccine hesitancy regarding the COVID-19
vaccine among adults over 18 years of age in Brazil were included. Results: The
prevalent reasons that led Brazilians to refuse the COVID-19 vaccine were
misinformation, conspiratorial beliefs, fear of adverse effects, marital status (being
married), having children, age, female sex, distrust in the vaccine, religion, low social
capital, education level and political inclination. Conclusion: This study highlights the
critical importance of healthcare professionals and the media in addressing vaccine
hesitancy against COVID-19 in Brazil. It is essential that effective communication and
engagement strategies are implemented that provide accurate, transparent and
culturally sensitive information about vaccination. By promoting awareness and
confidence in the vaccine, it is possible to reduce barriers to uptake and thus mitigate
the devastating impacts of the pandemic.
