PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DAS INTERNAÇÕES POR NEOPLASIAS E CUIDADOS DE ENFERMAGEM AO PACIENTE ONCOLÓGICO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Abstract

Neoplasms represent one of the main causes of clinical hospitalizations in Brazil, and require specialized nursing care to meet the specific needs of these patients. This article aims to outline the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations for neoplasms and analyze nursing interventions for cancer patients. The methodology used was an integrative review with a quantitative approach to secondary data analysis, seeking to understand both the epidemiological profile and nursing practices for cancer patients, involving a search in databases such as Lilacs, VHL and BDENF. Data analysis revealed a predominance of hospitalizations associated with breast cancer and lung cancer, with a higher incidence in elderly patients. It was observed that the South and Southeast regions account for around 70% of registered cases, largely reflecting the greater population number in these areas. The most recommended nursing care included pain management, psychosocial support and care interventions, which showed a positive impact on patients' quality of life. The nursing diagnoses that were most prevalent in the care of cancer patients include: acute pain, anxiety, nausea and vomiting, fatigue and impaired adaptation. Data related to the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations due to neoplasms allows the manager to develop and draw up strategic plans aimed at providing assistance with a view to promoting health. In the scope of assistance, this recognition helps professionals to direct their studies and improve care for patients with neoplasms.