FATORES QUE CONTRIBUEM COM A HESITAÇÃO EM RELAÇÃO A VACINA CONTRA A COVID-19 NO BRASIL: Revisão Integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy is characterized by a delay in accepting or refusing to receive vaccines and is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the main threats to global health. In the context of COVID-19, this hesitation has been one of the main problems faced by Brazil, since the rapid development of the vaccine has generated uncertainty about its effectiveness and safety. Objective: To investigate, according to scientific literature, the reasons for hesitancy regarding the Covid-19 vaccine in Brazil. Method: The methodology used in this study is based on an integrative review of the scientific literature. A systematic search was carried out in several databases, including Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), PubMed and Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Studies that investigated vaccine hesitancy regarding the COVID-19 vaccine among adults over 18 years of age in Brazil were included. Results: The prevalent reasons that led Brazilians to refuse the COVID-19 vaccine were misinformation, conspiratorial beliefs, fear of adverse effects, marital status (being married), having children, age, female sex, distrust in the vaccine, religion, low social capital, education level and political inclination. Conclusion: This study highlights the critical importance of healthcare professionals and the media in addressing vaccine hesitancy against COVID-19 in Brazil. It is essential that effective communication and engagement strategies are implemented that provide accurate, transparent and culturally sensitive information about vaccination. By promoting awareness and confidence in the vaccine, it is possible to reduce barriers to uptake and thus mitigate the devastating impacts of the pandemic.