Abstract:
Metritis in dairy cows is one of the most frequent puerperal disorders occurring in the
immediate postpartum period, representing a condition of major clinical and productive
relevance. This study aimed to analyze, through a literature review, the etiological,
physiopathological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive aspects related to metritis,
considering its effects on uterine health and reproductive performance.The methodologyconsisted of selecting articles published between 2014 and 2024 in national and
international scientific databases, using specific terms related to the subject. The results
show that metritis is mainly associated with opportunistic bacterial contamination,
especially Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Trueperella pyogenes,
whose action compromises uterine involution and triggers systemic inflammatory
responses. It was also observed that early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic
protocols significantly reduce productive and reproductive losses. It is concluded that
prevention, based on hygienic management, peripartum monitoring, and adequate
nutrition, remains the most effective method to reduce the incidence of the disease in
dairy herds.
