Enfermagem no Manejo da Dor Oncológica: Eficácia das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer comprises a set of neoplasms marked by disordered cell growth, frequently associated with oncological pain resulting from the tumor, metastases, or antineoplastic therapies. Such pain compromises the physical, emotional, and social quality of life of patients, requiring comprehensive management. In this context, Integrative and Complementary Health Practices (PICS) emerge as strategies that broaden therapeutic possibilities and promote humanized care, highlighting the role of nursing in their application and monitoring. Objectives: To analyze the role of the nurse in the assessment, monitoring, and control of pain in cancer patients and to analyze the effectiveness of PICS used as a care strategy in relieving oncological pain. Methodology: This study is characterized as a qualitative, descriptive, bibliographic research. Data collection was conducted using the following databases: SciELO, INCA, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria established were articles published between 2018 and 2024, available in full text and written in Portuguese,that directly addressed the proposed theme. Results: Thirteen studies were analyzed, predominantly reviews. The effectiveness of acupuncture, reiki, massage therapy, yoga, homeopathy, and phytotherapy practices in reducing pain, decreasing the use of analgesics, and improving well-being and quality of life was evidenced. The nurse plays a central role in the continuous assessment and safe integration of CAM (Complementary and Alternative Medicine) into care, and when associated with conventional treatment, these practices contribute to biopsychosocial balance and a more humanized approach to the illness process. Final Considerations: CAM practices are configured as safe and accessible therapies in the management of oncological pain. It is recommended to strengthen professional training and expand their insertion in nursing practice, promoting comprehensive and humanized care.