Abstract:
Proximal interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis is a common condition in athletic horses, characterized by a progressive degenerative process that results in lameness, pain, and functional impairment of the limb. When conservative therapies fail to provide satisfactory outcomes, joint fusion emerges as an effective surgical alternative. This study aimed to analyze different surgical methods employed for joint fusion in horses, emphasizing the main techniques described in the literature and recent technical advances applied to the treatment of proximal interphalangeal osteoarthritis. A narrative literature review was conducted using national and international databases,to 2025, in addition to relevant classical studies. The findings indicate that the evolution of surgical techniques has led to greater joint stability, reduced postoperative complications, and improved clinical success rates. Procedures such as dynamic compression plate fixation, cortical screw fixation, bone cerclage, and chemical methods show variable outcomes and should be selected according to lesion severity and the clinical condition of the animal. It is concluded that joint fusion represents an effective therapeutic approach for horses with chronic joint disorders, promoting pain relief, improved welfare, and increased functional longevity.
