Abstract:
This review compared and analyzed the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza
Contingency Plans applied in Brazil and the United States. The study evaluated
technical, sanitary, and administrative aspects, using a documentary bibliographic
research method, reviewing scientific articles, notes, reports, and technical data sheets
from each country. Furthermore, the research considered data from the recent 2025
outbreaks in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) and Mississippi (USA). The results highlighted
that Brazil demonstrated an effective response through traceability, delimitation of
protection and surveillance zones, adoption of sanitary barriers, disinfection of infected
sites, and sanitary downtime, which ensured the eradication of the outbreak and the
status of a territory free of HPAI in commercial farms. In the United States, even with its
immediate operational execution (quarantine and depopulation), the decentralized
management showed some limitations in the communication and transparency of
official data, with information limited to state-level notes, in addition to not achieving
national disease-free status. Both countries have structured plans, but with differences
in sanitary coordination and public dissemination, which interferes with the
effectiveness of the responses. The study confirms the importance of the connection
between active and passive surveillance, institutional interaction, and rigorous
laboratory protocols, emphasizing that the centralization and conformity of the Brazilian
response led to greater efficiency in eradicating the outbreak, in contrast to the North
American model which prioritizes agility in the operational process of containment, but
requires optimization in scientific and epidemiological communication, not only to
control the disease but also to eradicate it.
