Abstract:
This study aims to characterize and correlate the main macroscopic lesions observed
during bovine post mortem inspection with formal causes of condemnation,
addressing epidemiological, sanitary and economic implications. A documentary,
descriptive and exploratory literature review is conducted for 2013–2024, relying on
articles and reports that analyzed official inspection records, given the unavailabilityof direct and systematic access to SIF full databases; therefore, secondary data
previously extracted and processed are used. The corpus includes studies detailing
methodology, sample, inspection service type and numerical outcomes on lesion
prevalence, condemnation causes and loss estimates. Results indicate
predominance of inflammatory, parasitic, traumatic and degenerative patterns,
highlighting granulomas compatible with tuberculosis, cysticercosis cysts, abscesses
and bruises, as well as regional and operational variability affecting judgment
consistency. It concludes that standardized criteria, continuous training, laboratory
support and digitized records enhance diagnostic specificity and epidemiological
value, while on-farm and transport interventions reduce unwarranted condemnations,
economic losses and public health risks within a One Health perspective.
