MOURA, Auanne Barbosa Carrara de; NEVES, Naiara Alves; LUZ, Amanda Cristina Alves de
Abstract:
Pyometra is a common reproductive disorder in intact female dogs, characterized by uterine
inflammation resulting from luteal-phase hormonal influence, ascending bacterial infection,
and progressive endometrial changes. The literature review conducted between 2021 and
2025 showed that the occurrence of the disease is not exclusively linked to advanced age, but
rather to the cumulative number of estrous cycles, reproductive history, and individual
biological susceptibility. Certain breeds demonstrated higher prevalence, and recent studies
identified an association between the ABCC4 gene and increased risk in Golden Retrievers,
indicating that part of the predisposition has a genetic basis. Clinical data confirm greater
severity in closed-cervix cases, with higher probability of sepsis and the need for immediate
surgical intervention. The findings reinforce the importance of preventive strategies based on
elective sterilization, identification of risk groups, and updated screening protocols.
Reproductive risk stratification, combined with guided tutor counseling, represents an
effective measure to reduce morbidity associated with pyometra.
