GARCIA, Luana Belarmino; CIRINO, Marco Aurélio Vaz; CAMPELO, Gabriel Vitor de Sousa
Abstract:
The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a fundamental role in
protecting against external agents, regulating temperature, and maintaining
homeostasis. Burn injuries, by compromising skin integrity, trigger highly complex local
and systemic repercussions, which can result in significant morbidity and mortality, as
well as major functional, aesthetic, psychological, and social impairments. In this
scenario, burn injuries represent a relevant public health problem due to their high
incidence, potential severity, and significant demand for specialized care.This study
aims to delineate the epidemiological profile of burn patients treated at an emergency
and trauma hospital within a burn care reference center in the city of Goiânia,
Goiás.This is a retrospective, epidemiological study with a quantitative approach, based
on the analysis of medical records of patients hospitalized from January 2025 to
December 2025. Sociodemographic, clinical, etiological, therapeutic, and care outcome
variables were examined through descriptive and inferential statistical analysis.The
findings revealed that the treated patients were predominantly within the working-age
group (21 to 40 years old), accounting for n = 189 (43%). Among the most prevalent
etiologies, thermal agents stood out at 70.9% (n = 309), with etiological agents related
to domestic accidents (hot oil, hot/boiling water, and alcohol + fire) being the most
dominant. An interesting finding was the high number of debridement procedures
performed (633), which prevented infections, accelerated recovery, and reduced the
length of hospital stay, reflecting a low mortality rate of 4.6% (n = 17). These results are
expected to contribute to improving care for burn patients, as well as to institutional
planning and the formulation of preventive strategies aimed at reducing the incidence
and impacts of burn injuries.
