DORIA, Pablo Almeida; MARTINS, Renata Camilly Gomes Ferreira; MACEDO, Laura Paranaíba Franco
Abstract:
Objective: this study aims to describe the clinical and surgical management of
cystolithiasis and urethrolithiasis in elderly male dogs, addressing the etiological and
diagnostic particularities, in addition to discussing therapeutic approaches and
specific postoperative care for this population. Methodology and results: a
descriptive approach was adopted, based on a literature review regarding canine
urolithiasis, focusing on the middle-aged to elderly male population. The data indicate
that the condition is common in older dogs, with urine supersaturation being the main
etiological factor, aggravated by breed predispositions and anatomical factors. The
etiology is multifactorial, associated with diet, hydration, infections, and ph changes,
resulting in the prevalence of struvite and calcium oxalate uroliths. Diagnosis requires
a complete approach with laboratory tests (urinalysis, blood count) and imaging
(radiography and ultrasonography). Surgery is the main treatment, given the low
response of medical dissolution therapy in cases of obstruction and the associated
high risk. Conclusion: the successful management of cystolithiasis and
urethrolithiasis in elderly male dogs requires an integrated approach that prioritizes
accurate diagnosis and safe surgical intervention. It is concluded that meticulous
attention to the particularities of the geriatric patient in the perioperative and
postoperative periods is essential to reduce the risks of morbidity and mortality,
ensuring the quality of care and the well-being of this population.
