MANEJO CLÍNICO E CIRÚRGICO DA CISTOLITÍASE E URETROLITÍASE OBSTRUTIVA EM CÃES MACHOS IDOSOS

Abstract

Objective: this study aims to describe the clinical and surgical management of cystolithiasis and urethrolithiasis in elderly male dogs, addressing the etiological and diagnostic particularities, in addition to discussing therapeutic approaches and specific postoperative care for this population. Methodology and results: a descriptive approach was adopted, based on a literature review regarding canine urolithiasis, focusing on the middle-aged to elderly male population. The data indicate that the condition is common in older dogs, with urine supersaturation being the main etiological factor, aggravated by breed predispositions and anatomical factors. The etiology is multifactorial, associated with diet, hydration, infections, and ph changes, resulting in the prevalence of struvite and calcium oxalate uroliths. Diagnosis requires a complete approach with laboratory tests (urinalysis, blood count) and imaging (radiography and ultrasonography). Surgery is the main treatment, given the low response of medical dissolution therapy in cases of obstruction and the associated high risk. Conclusion: the successful management of cystolithiasis and urethrolithiasis in elderly male dogs requires an integrated approach that prioritizes accurate diagnosis and safe surgical intervention. It is concluded that meticulous attention to the particularities of the geriatric patient in the perioperative and postoperative periods is essential to reduce the risks of morbidity and mortality, ensuring the quality of care and the well-being of this population.