UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE A QUESTÃO DA DISCIPLINA NA EDUCAÇÃO

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to present a reflection on the disciplining of bodies and the submission of subjectivity in school institutions. Thus, we will show fundamental analyzes and concepts relevant to the ideas of this theme, with the purpose of favoring a reflective perspective. In this line of reasoning, the contribution of the writings of the modern researcher and essayist Paula Sibilia is composed in the production and development of this work. She, at the same time, talks about the relationships between bodies, subjectivities, technologies and media manifestations, and directs her thoughts to the complex territory of education and school. According to this writer, the school is in crisis, as students feel bored within the school environment. That is, on the inner walls of the school, the figure of the teacher loses value and weakens. After all, the school still wants to persist with the traditional methods of teaching (disciplinary, for example), setting up a pedagogical structure that is not compatible with the contemporary way of life. In this way, the school does not match the expectations of the students. For example, educational institutions do not take into account how this new generation is fascinated by all types and means of communication. Students are no longer attracted to that “old school” full of walls without connections or networks. In addition, when the student does not accept to continue within these old walls and begins to disperse from the classes taught, the school does not seek to understand the possible solutions for this lack of interest in learning in such a way. This often leads school staff to diagnose students with potential pathological disorders. Furthermore, there is a salvationist media discourse nowadays, which is heavily invested in schools, incorporating neoliberal policies to serve the business market and turning the student into a consumer. Furthermore, in addition to the writings of that researcher, the construction of this work also includes the contributions and thoughts of the famous modern writer Michel Foucault. This thinker analyzes the power relations that exist in every social environment and how this power develops. This power game would be applied through a set of methods, procedures and control techniques such as schools, factories, barracks and prisons use to discipline and make bodies efficient, effective, diligent, ready, fast economically, lucrative and that do not show initiative and political will. In other words, bodies that offer no resistance and submit to social, political and ideological control. Furthermore, in addition to these scholars, the contributions of the modern philosopher Immanuel Kant are also contemplated in these writings. The Enlightenment presents a philosophical reflection to education. For him, a good education is precisely the source of all good in this world and the only cause of evil consists in not submitting human nature to norms. In this sense, man needs, since childhood, discipline, instruction for the formation of his character. With this, they will be able to reach and acquire an in-depth knowledge of the world and will have a critical posture in the face of information said to be true in the social environment. Furthermore, these values will allow them to assume a position of respect for the rules, with themselves and with the environment in which they live. They can, therefore, be judicious, organized, in search of liberation from their wild nature so that they can walk the path of their true freedom. Therefore, an autonomous, conscious and thinking individual is assumed.