A VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO NO CONTEXTO ESCOLAR: no Distrito Federal, Entorno e Estado de Goiás nos últimos 10 anos

Abstract

The central theme of this dissertation is gender violence in the school context, revealing data from the last 10 years in the Federal District, Surroundings and state of Goiás. The theoretical review brought the conceptualization of gender violence, the implications of the patriarchal social structure and the silencing of women associated with the various types of violence against women. The problem also addressed the publicpolicies created to protect women's rights and violence in the school environment. It is based on the assumption that the school configures an environment influenced by inequalities and social relations pre-established in the socio-economic context, reflecting contemporary social problems, together with its nature of inclusion. The school climate, the curriculum and the pedagogical practices in the confrontation of violence were contextualized, highlighting non-violent communication and dialogical initiatives favorable to the development of a culture of peace in the school. The objective of this study was to investigate gender violence against female students through official data in schools in the Federal District, the surrounding area and the state of Goiás. Specifically: to know the influence of patriarchy and the types of violence associated with the silencing of women; to search for elements that highlight public policies to combat violence against women; to investigate the school climate, the curriculum and the pedagogical practices as allies to the culture of peace and respect for diversity, in order to discuss the role of the teacher in coping with these scenarios of violence. The relevance of the subject lies in the fact that violence against women is an expressive social demand that passes over time, as mentioned by the Secretariat of Public Security and competent agencies. The methodology consisted of exploratory documentary bibliographic research. The findings of the research were: The recognition that gender-based violence is a multifaceted, complex and persistent phenomenon, rooted in patriarchal structures that perpetuate gender inequalities and stereotypes against women over time. The concept of gender is associated with the roles played by people, including behaviors, activities and characteristics considered appropriate for each sex by different social groups. The incorporation of public policies aimed at confronting violence against women represented advances, however, they were not consolidated as determinants for the reduction of the rates disclosed. The school climate interferes in the occurrence and also in the reduction of violence in the school space. The school was evidenced as a space of inclusion, as it provides women with access to knowledge and leads to the modification of realities. It is concluded that female empowerment can transform the mentality if it includes the social struggles of different groups and not only women, and, finally, that the teacher assumes an important role in proposing pedagogical initiatives that favor the culture of peace through curricular flexibility and emancipatory posture. The shortcomings of the dissertation lie in the absence of accessible information on the registration of updated data for the surrounding region, which covers satellite cities such as Novo Gama, Águas Lindas and others. The dissemination of grouped and generalized data was found. And the underreporting of cases of violence against women has hindered a comprehensive understanding of the reality. It is suggested that future research contemplate and encourage effective multidisciplinary and intersectoral actions that focus on the social phenomenon, including the school, but attentive to the occurrence and variations in different places and situations. It is hoped that the discussions on the implications of violence against women will deepen their discussions, in order to lead to the resolution of the problem, above all, resulting in the bio-psychological and social strengthening of the person exposed to violence.